Compliance with National guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis use in surgery: A case study in Thu Duc City Hospital, South of Vietnam

Objectives: To evaluate compliance with national guidelines for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis use (SAP) at a general hospital in southern Vietnam and explore the impact of patient and surgery demographics on compliance.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using quantitative methods was used. A total of 270 medical records (MRs) of patients who underwent clean or clean-contaminated surgeries between January 1, 2021, and June 30, 2021, at Thu Duc City Hospital were selected by systematic random sampling. A range of data was collected, which included patient demographics, surgery type, and antibiotic selection, as well as appropriate timing, route of administration, and duration of prophylaxis for each surgical procedure. Evaluating compliance based on the national practice standards for SAP. Data were entered by Epidata 3.0 and analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software.

Results: Of the 270 cases included in the study, the overall compliance rate of SAP use was only 17.0%. Inadequate timing of SAP administration (17.8%) was the major cause of non-compliance, follow by inappropriate antibiotic selection (77.0%). Furthermore, patient and surgery characteristics were found to play a significant role in compliance with guidelines, with gender, surgery type, wound infection condition, and pre-operative hospital stay all having notable correlations.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the overall compliance rate of SAP use was lower than expected, and there was a significant difference among specific types of surgeries. There is a relationship between surgery type, wound infection classification, and length of pre-operative hospital stay with SAP use compliance (p < .01). To improve compliance with national guidelines for SAP use, appropriate timing, and antibiotic selection should be emphasized. Further efforts are still needed to improve the standards of antiseptic surgery in Vietnam.

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